المستفتي أحکامه وآدابه

نوع المستند : المقالة الأصلية

المؤلف

قسم أصول الفقه کلية الشريعة – الجامعة الإسلامية – المدينة المنورة- المملکة العربية السعودية

المستخلص

موضوع البحث:المستفتي والأحکام المتعلقة به والآداب التي يلزمه التحلي بها.
هدف البحث:  يهدف البحث إلى بيان الأحکام المتعلقة بالمستفتي وخلاف العلماء حول بعضها وحصر الآداب والقيم الواجب على المستفتي الاتصاف بها.
نتائج البحث: يعد المستفتي کل من يسأل عن الحکم الشرعي ليعمل بما يفتي به المفتي.
1-  يختلف حکم الاستفتاء باختلاف الناس وأحوالهم فقد يحرم على بعضهم وقد يجب على بعضهم.
2-  للمستفتي أن يسأل من يعتقد أنه يفتيه بشرع الله ورسوله من أي مذهب کان.
3-  إذا تعدد المفتون في بلد فللمستفتي أن يستفتي من شاء.
4- إذا رجع المفتي عن فتواه وعلم برجوعه المستفتي قبل العمل بالفتوى فليس له أن يعمل بتلک الفتوى.
5-  ينبغي على المستفتي أن يتأدب مع المفتي ويراعي أحواله وظروفه.
6-  من آداب المستفتي أن يحسن الاستماع والانصات لجواب المفتي.
الکلمات المفتاحية: المستفتي، احکام المستفتي،آداب المستفتي، أصول الفقه، شريعة.
 
Abstract:
People who seek answers for religious matters: the rules and regulations related to them and the etiquette that they must adhere to.
The research goal:The current study aims to highlight the rules that are related to those who seek answers for religious matters. The study also investigates scholars’ disagreements about some of these matters and summarizing the main values and morals that these people who seek answers should follow.
  The results:

Once a person asks Almufti ,who is a Muslim legal expert who is empowered to give rulings on religious matters, he or she should adhere to what Almufti told him or her to do.
The rule for any religious matter may vary depending on people and their different situations and circumstances, some matters might be allowed for some but not others.
The person who seeks religious answers has the right to ask whoever would give rulings on religious matters as long as it follows Islamic law following Allah and his profit’s path regardless of which of the four law or Figh school the person belongs to.
If there is a number Mufties in a country, people can choose which one to seek answers from.
If Almufti changes his mind or answers and the person who was seeking answers from him knew before he executes what Almufti asks him or her to do, he or she does not have to follow the answer or alfatwa.
People who seek answers for religious matters should behave and show respect to Almufti and take in consideration his status, situation, and his circumstances.
People who seek answers for religious matters should listen carefully and attentively to Almfti’s answers

Keywords:People who seek answers for religious matters, the rules that are related to those who seek answers for religious matters, the morals, and the etiquette that those who seek answers for religious matters must adhere to.
 

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